LECTURES REPORT
By Sulem Franca
PUBLIC
SPEAKING
Qualities Of a
Good Public Speaker
-Be Confident
-Manage your time
-Have a strong believe
Ø How
To Became a Dynamic Public Speaker
-Be flexible in your hand gesture
-Use emphasis with your voice: Connect the words to
physical movements
-Do not do things that are unnatural to you
I-Non-Verbal
Language
-Vary the pitch of your voice
-Speed of delivery must be moderate and not hasty
-Use dramatic pause to let your point sink in
-Be a conscious speaker
-Use eye contact
-Facial expressions
-Have a good posture
-Take little steps when you want to move from point to
point
II-Verbals
-Choose your language carefully
-Use evocative and colourful language without turning your
speeches in to a rap
-Do not use offensive language
-Every public speaker should be clear and
comprehensive
-A good delivery compels the audience to believe you
-A memorable speech is a good combination
III-Projecting
a Great Personality
-Show genuine concern for your subject matter
-Friendliness, Kindness
-Connect the arguments
-Use common sense and sense of humor
IV-Developing
a Pleasing Voice
-Have a good breath
-Relax your throat muscles
-Record your voice and train
V-Dealing
With The Fear Of Public Speaking
-Accept that it is natural to be nervous
-Find confidence in your preparations
-Take a deep breath and relax
-Believe in yourself
-Have fun
VI-A
Charismatic Public Speaker
-Show that confidence
-Do not be restrained or subdued
-Be authentic
-Be mindful of your audience
-Be conscious. Be in the moment. pay attention to the
audiences reaction.
-Be immune to criticisms or flattery
In a nutshell, the tac-tics of Public speaking can be
sumarised into the 6 Cs thus; Confidence,Comfortable, Conscious,Corelation with
the audience,Clarity and Charm.
BUILDING A MAJOR ARGUMENT
By Mariel Golden
-Speak with Purpose
-Think collaboratively with your partner
-Identify the targets
-Chose your words
-Think about the motion in a principal or practical sense
-Start by saying why the other side is bad and
conclude by explaining why you think your opinion is good
-You defend like: Assertion, Reason, Evidence
The
Logical Step
-Be truthful
-Do not quote laws
-Do not quote the Bible
-Do not reveal how much money people earn
-Do not use personal anecdote
-Do not overwhelm people with statistics
-Do not make assumptions about what people know
-Do not use technical terms relative to your field
Things
To Do
-Put the most important material in the first speech
-Do have a model
-Do not spend minutes explaining a model
-Stand up often for POI
-Use international law
-Do tailor your arguments or libel your arguments
-Start by citing obvious points
-Number your arguments and counter-arguments
MOTION ANALYSIS
-Be informed
The actors and targets
-The different categories about the motion
-the different options
PREPARATION TIME
-Silently write down all you know about a topic
-Prepare separately from the other team in your side
-Silently write down all you know about the topic
Do not talk a lot during preparation time.Think more
-The PM frames the topic and defines the question
v
3
Minutes for brainstorming
v
6
Minutes for identification of arguments
v
2
Minutes for a recap of your arguments
v
2
Minutes to forsee counter-arguments
v
2
Minutes to share responsibilities
REFUTATION
-Use outlines
-Point-analysis-Evidence
-Establish the impact of that point on a debate
-Refute in order
-Attack the data, impact or point out the missing part of it all
-Refute the assumption behind the argument
-try to argue comparatively
-Turn the argument around your opponent
-Structure: Statement, Disagreement,reason,Impact
POI
-It helps to establish your credibility
-It shows you are comfronting
Tips
-Stand up for 20 seconds at most
-Stay active
-Plan before spelling out your POI
-Be direct and short
-Look at the judge
-Ask when it is appropriate
-Anticipate their responses
-It helps to establish your credibility
-It shows you are comfronting
Tips
-Stand up for 20 seconds at most
-Stay active
-Plan before spelling out your POI
-Be direct and short
-Look at the judge
-Ask when it is appropriate
-Anticipate their responses
CHOSING THE RIGHT ARGUMENT
-No hasty generalization
-Have examples that are significant,representative and should allow people to draw conclusions
-Make sure examples apply to the arguments
-Avoid pseudo-arguments
-Avoid the fallacy of repeated argument
-Avoid substituting the person for the argument
-Avoid substituting bomb blasts
Do not deny a valid conclusion
-Do not use popular opinion
-Do not let people predict what you are going to debate about
-No hasty generalization
-Have examples that are significant,representative and should allow people to draw conclusions
-Make sure examples apply to the arguments
-Avoid pseudo-arguments
-Avoid the fallacy of repeated argument
-Avoid substituting the person for the argument
-Avoid substituting bomb blasts
Do not deny a valid conclusion
-Do not use popular opinion
-Do not let people predict what you are going to debate about
MAKING YOUR ARGUMENT IMPORTANT
-PROBABILITY: Things that are more probable are more important
-SHORT-TERM VERSUS LONG TERM
-INVOLUNTARY RISK
-COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
-MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE
-PROBABILITY: Things that are more probable are more important
-SHORT-TERM VERSUS LONG TERM
-INVOLUNTARY RISK
-COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
-MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE
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